Multi-case exploration of spiritual formation at four seminaries (Fuller, Truett, Talbot, TEDS) addressing the lack of institutional definitions of "personal and spiritual formation" under ATS 2020 standards.

KEYWORDS: character/virtue; spiritual formation; theological education

Practical theology article proposing a virtue-based model of caring and Christian formation grounded in moral psychology and Wesleyan thought.

KEYWORDS: open access / free access; generative care virtues of generative care; journal article; moral likeness model of spiritual maturity; practical theology; Wesley's affectional moral psychology

Special Issue (book/journal reprint) of established and newly-developed instruments for measuring spirituality and religiosity across diverse populations, traditions, and clinical contexts, serving as a resource for spiritual care research.

KEYWORDS: open access / free access; active duty military / veterans; attachment theory; Attachment to God Inventory (AGI); attitudes toward religion; Catholics; clinical setting; elderly; evaluation; exploratory factor analysis; factorial structure; gratitude; growth; healthy persons; Islam; measurement; moral injury; Muslims; post-traumatic stress disorder; psychometric properties; questionnaire; religiosity; religious beliefs; scoping review; Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure (SHALOM); spiritual jihad; spiritual needs; spiritual struggles; spiritual well-being; spirituality; structural equation modeling (SEM); styles of attachment; transcultural adaptation; validation

Conceptual article proposing a meta-theory of positive spiritual change to undergird the development of a generalizable, reliable measurement tool for spiritual, character, and moral formation in seminarians.

KEYWORDS: psychology of religion; spiritual assessment; spiritual formation; spirituality

Longitudinal study of 119 graduate seminary students testing seven hypotheses from a relational spirituality model regarding intrinsic religiosity, questing, spiritual openness, well-being, and activity over time.

KEYWORDS: development; longitudinal; religion; seminary; spirituality; well-being

USCCB pastoral resource (2005) guiding the development of lay ecclesial ministry through integral formation, theological preparation, professional competence, certification, and pastoral collaboration.

KEYWORDS: agents of formation; Catholicism; certification and credentialing; formation pathways; integral formation; lay ecclesial ministry; pastoral collaboration; professional competence; spiritual development; theological preparation; vocation

Apostolic Exhortation by John Paul II (1988) on the vocation and mission of the lay faithful, articulating integral human formation, secular character, charisms, and formation for mission.

KEYWORDS: catechetical responsibility; Catholicism; charisms / common priesthood; formation for mission; human dignity; integral human formation; laity / lay spirituality; new evangelization; secular character; vocation